CMS Energy key statistics and ratios

In fiscal 2025, CMS Energy had return on equity of 12.3%, an operating margin of 20.2%, debt equal to 207.1% of equity and a current ratio of 0.98. Each ratio below is calculated from the figures on its income statement, balance sheet and cash flow pages.

Financial ratios

US$ thousands unless shown otherwise. Fiscal years, plus the last twelve months (LTM) when newer.

CMS Energy: financial ratios, annual
Fiscal year	2009Dec 2009	2010Dec 2010	2011Dec 2011	2012Dec 2012	2013Dec 2013	2014Dec 2014	2015Dec 2015	2016Dec 2016	2017Dec 2017	2018Dec 2018	2019Dec 2019	2020Dec 2020	2021Dec 2021	2022Dec 2022	2023Dec 2023	2024Dec 2024	2025Dec 2025	LTMSept 2026
Operating margin	11.2%	15.2%	15.4%	16.0%	17.4%	16.0%	18.2%	19.6%	20.3%	16.9%	16.8%	19.2%	15.6%	14.2%	16.6%	19.8%	20.2%	13.8%
Net margin	3.7%	5.3%	6.4%	6.1%	6.9%	6.6%	8.1%	8.6%	7.0%	9.6%	10.3%	11.8%	18.5%	9.7%	11.9%	13.3%	12.5%	9.7%
Free-cash-flow margin	0.5%	2.1%	4.4%	0.2%	1.5%	−1.3%	1.2%	−0.7%	0.6%	−5.4%	−4.6%	−16.1%	−3.5%	−17.7%	30.9%	31.5%	26.2%	25.4%
Return on equity	8.8%	12.6%	14.3%	12.3%	13.6%	13.4%	13.7%	13.5%	10.6%	14.3%	13.9%	14.4%	22.3%	12.3%	12.2%	12.7%	12.3%	9.2%
Return on assets	1.5%	2.2%	2.6%	2.3%	2.6%	2.6%	2.7%	2.6%	2.1%	2.8%	2.6%	2.7%	4.6%	2.8%	2.7%	2.9%	2.8%	2.1%
Asset turnover	0.41	0.42	0.41	0.37	0.38	0.39	0.33	0.31	0.29	0.29	0.26	0.23	0.25	0.29	0.23	0.22	0.23	0.22
Current ratio	1.40	1.37	1.10	1.35	1.30	1.33	1.01	0.86	0.89	0.94	0.86	0.78	1.19	1.15	0.98	0.79	0.98	0.95
Debt to equity	253.2%	257.7%	234.4%	229.8%	226.2%	234.2%	237.0%	232.8%	233.6%	245.8%	262.8%	226.8%	189.5%	204.7%	207.4%	201.0%	207.1%	206.1%
Interest cover (operating income ÷ interest)	1.6x	2.3x	2.4x	2.6x	2.9x	2.8x	3.0x	2.9x	3.1x	2.5x	2.4x	2.4x	2.3x	2.4x	1.9x	2.1x	2.2x	1.5x
Effective tax rate	—	—	—	39.4%	39.9%	34.3%	34.0%	33.1%	47.9%	14.9%	17.1%	14.2%	11.5%	10.3%	15.4%	15.7%	19.7%	22.1%
Capital spending as % of revenue	13.2%	12.8%	13.6%	19.6%	20.2%	22.0%	24.2%	26.1%	25.3%	30.2%	31.7%	36.0%	28.3%	27.6%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%	0.0%
Free cash flow ÷ net income	13.1%	40.6%	69.2%	3.7%	21.2%	−20.1%	14.5%	−7.8%	8.7%	−56.5%	−45.1%	−137.1%	−19.0%	−181.5%	260.3%	236.3%	208.7%	261.0%
Dividends ÷ net income	49.8%	47.6%	50.8%	66.0%	60.4%	61.8%	61.6%	63.0%	82.0%	61.9%	64.1%	61.9%	37.6%	65.2%	—	—	—	—
Dividends and buybacks ÷ free cash flow	380.0%	117.4%	73.5%	>999%	284.4%	—	423.7%	—	942.5%	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—	—

US$ thousands unless shown otherwise. Fiscal quarters.

CMS Energy: financial ratios, quarterly
Quarter	2024 Q4Dec 2024	2025 Q1Mar 2025	2025 Q2Jun 2025	2025 Q3Sept 2025	2025 Q4Dec 2025	2026 Q1Mar 2026	2026 Q2Jun 2026	2026 Q3Sept 2026
Operating margin	21.4%	20.2%	17.2%	23.8%	19.5%	17.9%	14.4%	2.2%
Net margin	13.3%	12.4%	10.9%	13.7%	12.9%	12.5%	6.6%	5.6%
Free-cash-flow margin	—	4.6%	−25.6%	−31.4%	—	−12.2%	−18.9%	−21.4%
Current ratio	0.79	1.06	1.00	0.90	0.98	0.84	0.94	0.95
Debt to equity	199.1%	202.2%	213.0%	202.8%	205.1%	199.2%	194.8%	206.1%

Returns use average equity or assets over the year. Return on equity is left blank when equity is negative or so small that the ratio says nothing (above ±200%); interest cover is left blank above 200 times. Price-based ratios such as P/E are on the valuation page.

Financial health

0 of 6 checks passed · September 30, 2026

What it owns · $41.7bn

Short-term assets $3.2bnLonger-term assets $38.5bn

What it owes, and who funded it · $13.1bn

Short-term liabilities $3.4bnShareholders' equity $9.7bn

Short-term assets cover short-term liabilities $3.2bn of assets due within a year against $3.4bn of liabilities due within a year.
Short-term assets cover long-term liabilities Not assessable from the reported split. Not assessable.
More cash than debt $451m of cash against $20.0bn of debt.
Debt below 40% of shareholders' equity Debt is 206% of equity.
Debt burden no higher than five years ago Debt to equity moved from 176% to 206% over five years.
A year's operating cash flow covers at least 20% of debt $2.3bn of operating cash flow against $20.0bn of debt.
Operating profit covers interest at least five times over Operating income of $1.2bn against $828m of interest.

From CMS Energy's latest balance sheet as filed. Checks are fixed, documented rules (methodology), counted only where the company reports the figures — a dot means the filing doesn't break the item out. Descriptions of reported data, not advice.

Moat

38 /100

Weak moat

How hard CMS Energy's competitive advantage looks for rivals to wear away, judged from 10 years of its own filings: returns on capital, pricing power, profit durability, cash conversion and discipline.

Returns on capital 1 / 20

Net income has been a median 2.4% of total assets over 10 years.
Durability 15 / 20

Operating margin has been a median 18.4%; its worst year was 13.8%.
Cash conversion 5 / 20

Free cash flow was positive in 5 of 10 years, at a median -0.2% of revenue.
Discipline 9 / 20

The diluted share count rose 7.1% over five years.

AI disruption exposure: Low. In this industry, the business rests on physical assets, regulated networks or products AI itself depends on.

A rules-based reading of reported figures, not a forecast and not investment advice. How the score is built: methodology.

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Figures from CMS Energy's SEC filings (10-K and 10-Q), retrieved October 29, 2026. How we read and check them: methodology and data sources. Not investment advice. Back to CMS Energy.