Does following one insider pay?
Company executives, directors and large shareholders must report their trades in the company’s shares to the SEC. We followed each of them: every open-market purchase and every sale not made under a pre-set plan, measured against the S&P 500 from the day after the report became public, the earliest a reader could act.
The short answer
We have 20,431 insiders with at least 5 open-market trades in companies we cover, filed from January 4, 2010 to October 30, 2026. 348 of them have at least 20 purchases with a full 12 months of prices after the report, enough to judge. Twelve months after each report, 158 of those had purchases that beat the S&P 500 on average and 190 trailed it. Of the 296 with purchases in at least four different years, 2 were ahead of the S&P 500 by a margin unlikely to be chance on its own (a p-value under 5%, judged on one average per year) and 25 were behind by as much. To see what luck alone does with records this concentrated, we replaced each of a person’s stocks with one random covered company, bought on the same days: that gave about 5.7 ahead and 23.3 behind per try (10 tries). So there is no evidence of skill beyond luck: no more insiders beat the index convincingly than random companies bought on the same days. The 25 convincingly behind are no more than random companies give. Copying each insider’s purchases (bought the day after the report, held 12 months or until they reported a sale) beat the S&P 500 held throughout for 52 of 348. The copy is often in cash, though, so the fair yardstick is the S&P 500 on the same days the copy held shares, with Treasury bills otherwise: against that, 114 of 348 came out ahead.
Insider by insider
| Small Robert JDirector | TDG | 3737 bought, 24 sold | +22.8% | +32.3% | 81% | +21.0% | Strong evidence: aheadp < 0.001, 10 years | +21.0% | +12.0%+14.2% held throughout | 55% |
| Highland Capital Management LPOfficer, 10% owner, Other | NXDT, NXRT | 2222 bought, 0 sold | +60.4% | +43.4% | 91% | +52.5% | Some evidence: aheadp = 0.023, 6 years | +21.0% | +5.6%+13.7% held throughout | 40% |
| Cohen Jonathan HChief executive | OXSQ | 3757 bought, 0 sold | +20.2% | +18.4% | 95% | +21.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.073, 4 years | +6.9% | +4.2%+14.5% held throughout | 24% |
| Kent HowardDirector | CNOB | 2929 bought, 3 sold | +9.7% | +7.9% | 79% | +10.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.089, 4 years | +7.4% | +5.8%+14.3% held throughout | 27% |
| Morgan John LChief executive | WINA | 4545 bought, 1 sold | +26.6% | +31.1% | 76% | +28.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.070, 5 years | +11.4% | +6.0%+13.9% held throughout | 32% |
| D'angelo DeanDirector | SCM | 2121 bought, 0 sold | +8.2% | +10.0% | 57% | +8.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.062, 7 years | +11.9% | +10.1%+13.7% held throughout | 62% |
| Zucaro Aldo CChief executive, Director, Other | ORI | 3838 bought, 5 sold | +22.0% | +27.3% | 79% | +23.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.063, 7 years | +10.0% | +8.8%+13.7% held throughout | 46% |
| Wojcicki SusanDirector | CRM | 2323 bought, 0 sold | +14.7% | +17.9% | 78% | +14.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.11, 4 years | +11.2% | +8.2%+15.2% held throughout | 42% |
| Smith Daniel C.Director | SPG | 2428 bought, 0 sold | +7.7% | +4.1% | 67% | +13.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.071, 8 years | +16.5% | +10.2%+14.5% held throughout | 54% |
| Robotti RobertDirector, 10% owner | TDW, AXR | 2424 bought, 8 sold | +55.4% | +42.4% | 88% | +62.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.11, 5 years | +74.6% | +10.3%+11.7% held throughout | 89% |
| Welch M ScottDirector | LKFN, PATK | 4651 bought, 7 sold | +12.4% | +7.4% | 61% | +11.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.065, 12 years | +16.0% | +12.5%+13.9% held throughout | 81% |
| Schmaltz Dana LDirector | WD | 2829 bought, 0 sold | +28.2% | +30.5% | 75% | +28.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.079, 10 years | +16.1% | +14.9%+14.9% held throughout | 75% |
| Foster Vincent DChief executive, Officer, Director | MAIN, PWR, CSV | 7071 bought, 6 sold | +10.5% | +8.7% | 64% | +11.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.089, 9 years | +17.3% | +10.1%+14.3% held throughout | 57% |
| Bleichroeder LP10% owner | GPGI, INVE, DUOT +1 | 2430 bought, 0 sold | +9.5% | +1.8% | 67% | −0.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.16, 4 years | +26.3% | +7.5%+14.6% held throughout | 61% |
| Pasquale Douglas MChief executive, Director | TRNO, SHO, DIN +1 | 2327 bought, 3 sold | +4.0% | +4.1% | 65% | +5.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.11, 7 years | +13.7% | +9.2%+14.7% held throughout | 51% |
| Seidman Lawrence BDirector | CNOB, BWFG | 8094 bought, 2 sold | +10.9% | +9.8% | 79% | +11.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.11, 7 years | +13.7% | +7.6%+13.9% held throughout | 51% |
| Griffin Patrick JOfficer | ESCA | 2020 bought, 0 sold | +43.6% | +2.3% | 50% | +48.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.13, 6 years | +17.9% | +9.6%+14.3% held throughout | 34% |
| Niemier Charles EDirector | LKFN | 2929 bought, 1 sold | +7.3% | +5.2% | 69% | +7.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.11, 8 years | +11.6% | +8.1%+14.4% held throughout | 48% |
| Cali Brian JOfficer, Director | FDBC | 4142 bought, 1 sold | +7.1% | +5.5% | 63% | +7.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.10, 15 years | +19.6% | +12.8%+14.0% held throughout | 89% |
| Fuller Michael D.Director | SFBS | 2525 bought, 2 sold | +25.6% | +33.7% | 84% | +26.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.18, 4 years | +11.3% | +5.2%+13.7% held throughout | 30% |
| Appling Michael JrDirector | MAIN | 5050 bought, 0 sold | +6.9% | +9.0% | 66% | +7.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.17, 6 years | +10.2% | +6.7%+13.9% held throughout | 41% |
| Ilany JonathanChief executive, Director | TIPT | 2022 bought, 0 sold | +2.6% | −5.0% | 40% | +1.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.15, 8 years | +15.5% | +12.1%+14.8% held throughout | 90% |
| Icahn Carl C and related entitiesDirector, 10% owner | IEP, CVI, HAIN +14 | 4952 bought, 14 sold | +26.5% | +29.7% | 71% | +27.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.14, 13 years | +13.0% | +14.4%+14.4% held throughout | 85% |
| Ancius Michael JDirector | FAST | 3737 bought, 2 sold | +6.3% | +3.5% | 60% | +6.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.14, 13 years | +15.5% | +13.0%+14.8% held throughout | 81% |
| Gagnon Neil10% owner | CDNA, PSIX, AMRC | 2348 bought, 2 sold | +0.1% | −20.1% | 13% | +0.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.22, 4 years | +14.3% | +4.1%+13.8% held throughout | 25% |
| Rodkin Gary MDirector | SPG | 2024 bought, 0 sold | +3.7% | +2.2% | 60% | +8.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.20, 5 years | +19.6% | +14.1%+14.1% held throughout | 100% |
| Ecor1 Capital, LLCChief executive, Director, 10% owner | ZYME, PRTA, ANAB +5 | 2931 bought, 7 sold | +41.6% | +47.7% | 69% | +48.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.20, 5 years | −3.0% | +13.7%+13.8% held throughout | 95% |
| Demarco Eric MChief executive | KTOS | 2331 bought, 1 sold | +36.3% | +9.1% | 57% | +46.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.16, 10 years | +16.1% | +8.8%+13.7% held throughout | 53% |
| Hildebrandt Mark HDirector | HEI | 2223 bought, 0 sold | +8.3% | +7.9% | 55% | +8.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.15, 15 years | +20.8% | +13.6%+14.5% held throughout | 94% |
| Spilman Robert H JrChief executive, Director | BSET, D | 2222 bought, 6 sold | +72.3% | +48.0% | 77% | +80.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.16, 12 years | +19.5% | +12.2%+14.1% held throughout | 67% |
| Fernandez Raul JChief executive, Director | DXC, AVGO, GME | 2022 bought, 6 sold | +8.5% | +10.5% | 65% | +7.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.24, 4 years | +17.4% | +8.1%+15.7% held throughout | 56% |
| Stilwell Value LLCDirector, 10% owner | KWY, SFBC, WHLR | 2040 bought, 4 sold | +17.9% | +11.6% | 65% | +18.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.21, 6 years | +7.3% | +4.2%+13.6% held throughout | 43% |
| Listwin Donald JDirector | CALX | 2525 bought, 4 sold | +67.2% | +35.8% | 68% | +70.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.18, 10 years | +12.2% | +8.0%+14.2% held throughout | 50% |
| Gladstone DavidChief executive | GAIN, LAND, GLAD +1 | 2121 bought, 0 sold | +5.0% | +4.2% | 57% | +6.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.20, 8 years | +9.5% | +8.0%+14.9% held throughout | 51% |
| Abdiel Capital Advisors, LP10% owner | APPN, CRCT, FSLY | 4141 bought, 8 sold | +3.4% | −22.9% | 27% | +2.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.22, 7 years | +16.4% | +7.8%+14.6% held throughout | 75% |
| Teague AjChief executive, Officer, Director | EPD, SEI | 3034 bought, 0 sold | +16.3% | +3.5% | 70% | +18.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.21, 11 years | +14.7% | +8.5%+13.8% held throughout | 71% |
| Selig Stefan MDirector | SPG | 2024 bought, 0 sold | +6.2% | +2.2% | 60% | +13.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.24, 6 years | +31.3% | +20.7%+20.7% held throughout | 100% |
| Stahl MurrayDirector | TPL, MIAX | 409411 bought, 0 sold | +22.0% | +0.6% | 51% | +22.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.25, 5 years | +28.6% | +14.4%+14.4% held throughout | 100% |
| Klein Mark DChief executive, Officer, Director | NSLR, CTEV | 2538 bought, 0 sold | +30.7% | +24.5% | 68% | +33.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.22, 9 years | +3.5% | +9.8%+14.6% held throughout | 66% |
| Abdiel Capital LP10% owner | APPN, CRCT, FSLY +1 | 2626 bought, 8 sold | +20.6% | −21.2% | 35% | +10.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.23, 8 years | +7.8% | +10.3%+14.7% held throughout | 77% |
| Valueact Capital Management, L.P.Director, 10% owner | TRN, BHC, ALSN +14 | 2626 bought, 22 sold | +7.3% | +7.8% | 54% | +7.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.23, 8 years | +18.4% | +9.8%+14.9% held throughout | 59% |
| Aeppel GlynDirector | SPG | 2125 bought, 0 sold | +7.6% | +2.5% | 62% | +12.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.27, 6 years | +30.6% | +17.6%+17.6% held throughout | 100% |
| Klem U ButchDirector | GABC | 3535 bought, 1 sold | +5.6% | +6.4% | 69% | +4.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.27, 11 years | +12.0% | +10.7%+14.4% held throughout | 65% |
| Ladd Robert T.Chief executive, Director | SCM | 2829 bought, 0 sold | +6.2% | +6.4% | 54% | +9.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.29, 7 years | +12.0% | +14.2%+13.7% held throughout | 72% |
| Tuchman MartinDirector | BPRN, FTAI | 5258 bought, 1 sold | +4.8% | −3.9% | 40% | +4.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.29, 8 years | +16.3% | +11.9%+14.3% held throughout | 86% |
| Holding Frank B JrChief executive | FCNCA | 4048 bought, 2 sold | +12.5% | +2.0% | 53% | +12.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.28, 13 years | +14.1% | +12.5%+14.7% held throughout | 83% |
| Berry Thomas WDirector | PFS | 2121 bought, 1 sold | +3.1% | −1.0% | 48% | +4.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.31, 7 years | +11.2% | +8.2%+14.4% held throughout | 41% |
| Foran Joseph WmChief executive | MTDR | 5572 bought, 1 sold | +22.7% | −2.1% | 44% | +24.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.29, 11 years | +15.5% | +13.4%+14.4% held throughout | 83% |
| Rafferty Michael PDirector | TFIN | 2020 bought, 1 sold | +22.5% | +10.0% | 55% | +26.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.30, 8 years | +18.7% | +11.5%+13.6% held throughout | 67% |
| Glasscock Larry CDirector | SPG, ZBH | 2832 bought, 1 sold | +4.3% | +2.2% | 57% | +6.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.30, 9 years | +19.1% | +15.1%+14.7% held throughout | 70% |
| Crawford Jesse CDirector, 10% owner | CRD.A | 2637 bought, 3 sold | +17.4% | +3.7% | 58% | +15.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.31, 8 years | +14.4% | +10.1%+14.9% held throughout | 67% |
| Horizon Kinetics Asset Management LLCDirector, 10% owner | TPL, MIAX | 386387 bought, 1 sold | +16.8% | +4.7% | 52% | +17.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.34, 5 years | +26.2% | +14.3%+14.3% held throughout | 100% |
| Oeschger FredricDirector | CMTV | 2828 bought, 0 sold | +2.2% | +7.5% | 64% | +4.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.31, 8 years | +11.4% | +8.5%+13.9% held throughout | 48% |
| Lee Sang YoungDirector | PCB | 6064 bought, 0 sold | +9.5% | +1.0% | 52% | +10.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.33, 6 years | +24.9% | +15.7%+15.7% held throughout | 100% |
| Abdiel Capital Management, LLC10% owner | APPN, CRCT, FSLY +1 | 3131 bought, 6 sold | +13.0% | −22.1% | 36% | +21.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.33, 8 years | +3.8% | +9.7%+14.8% held throughout | 77% |
| Moran Colin T.10% owner | APPN, CRCT, FSLY +1 | 2727 bought, 9 sold | +11.6% | −12.5% | 48% | +18.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.33, 7 years | +10.4% | +7.2%+14.7% held throughout | 71% |
| Williams David B and related entitiesDirector, Other | HY, NC | 3434 bought, 0 sold | +11.4% | −21.6% | 35% | +14.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.36, 5 years | +7.1% | +5.7%+14.7% held throughout | 36% |
| Swenson Nicholas JohnChief executive, Director, 10% owner | AIRT, PDEX, TULP | 84109 bought, 3 sold | +3.6% | +4.2% | 56% | +4.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.34, 9 years | +17.6% | +12.6%+14.5% held throughout | 65% |
| Mitarotonda James ADirector | EML | 2128 bought, 0 sold | +3.5% | +0.7% | 57% | +3.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.36, 6 years | +14.1% | +11.6%+13.7% held throughout | 67% |
| Mcgraner MattOfficer | NXRT, NREF, NXDT | 2633 bought, 1 sold | +20.8% | +8.1% | 54% | +21.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.37, 7 years | +8.7% | +12.8%+13.7% held throughout | 68% |
| Cohn MatthewDirector | TBBK | 2528 bought, 0 sold | +12.7% | +5.9% | 60% | +14.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.37, 7 years | +9.0% | +8.4%+13.8% held throughout | 45% |
| Moore Richard HChief executive, Director | FBNC | 2020 bought, 2 sold | +6.6% | +0.9% | 50% | +8.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.36, 10 years | +13.0% | +12.9%+14.4% held throughout | 76% |
| Dullum David A ROfficer | GAIN | 2626 bought, 0 sold | +5.2% | +3.9% | 58% | +5.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.36, 12 years | +10.1% | +9.9%+14.4% held throughout | 73% |
| Leibowitz Reuben SDirector | SPG | 2327 bought, 0 sold | +9.5% | +2.5% | 61% | +13.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.38, 7 years | +23.0% | +15.6%+14.7% held throughout | 79% |
| Laukien Frank HChief executive | BRKR | 2626 bought, 5 sold | +6.5% | +8.7% | 65% | +8.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.37, 10 years | +12.8% | +10.3%+13.9% held throughout | 61% |
| Cascade Investment, L.L.C.10% owner, Other | RSG, AN, ECL +1 | 8187 bought, 12 sold | +5.4% | +5.5% | 82% | +6.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.37, 10 years | +11.7% | +7.3%+14.1% held throughout | 64% |
| Hermanns RichardChief executive | HQI | 4346 bought, 0 sold | +81.5% | +97.0% | 77% | +80.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.40, 5 years | +17.8% | +14.9%+14.9% held throughout | 80% |
| Patel SnehalChief executive | GLSI | 6273 bought, 0 sold | +7.7% | −9.8% | 40% | +9.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.39, 6 years | +20.4% | +15.1%+15.1% held throughout | 100% |
| Reed Colin VChief executive, Officer, Director | RHP, FHN | 3032 bought, 0 sold | +10.5% | +3.9% | 53% | +16.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.40, 11 years | +12.7% | +13.3%+13.9% held throughout | 77% |
| Rankin Bruce T and related entitiesOther | HY, NC, HBB | 7777 bought, 2 sold | −11.7% | −26.3% | 14% | −10.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.44, 4 years | +4.2% | +4.7%+14.7% held throughout | 27% |
| Leighton F ThomsonChief executive, Officer | AKAM | 8080 bought, 0 sold | +4.1% | +10.0% | 68% | +4.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.41, 9 years | +8.1% | +11.1%+13.9% held throughout | 65% |
| Helm Scott BDirector | VST | 2525 bought, 3 sold | +8.4% | −6.4% | 40% | +6.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.44, 6 years | +18.5% | +9.3%+14.6% held throughout | 59% |
| Esw Capital, LLC10% owner | UPLD | 3232 bought, 2 sold | +48.0% | +10.9% | 63% | +50.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.47, 4 years | +14.0% | +5.3%+13.4% held throughout | 30% |
| Kellogg Peter R10% owner | MERC | 6269 bought, 0 sold | +20.9% | +17.2% | 84% | +21.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.44, 7 years | +4.1% | +3.3%+13.5% held throughout | 48% |
| Opaleye Management Inc. and related entities10% owner | HROW, CDXS, ACOG +7 | 56135 bought, 38 sold | +20.9% | +5.0% | 54% | +26.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.44, 7 years | +6.2% | +9.9%+13.6% held throughout | 66% |
| Taylor Mike JChief executive | FRD | 2225 bought, 0 sold | +18.3% | +19.8% | 68% | +23.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.44, 6 years | +37.0% | +15.8%+15.8% held throughout | 100% |
| Wight David GDirector | NRIM | 2020 bought, 3 sold | −0.3% | −1.7% | 40% | +0.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.44, 12 years | +8.2% | +11.6%+14.5% held throughout | 67% |
| Carfora Jeffrey JChief financial officer | PGC | 2222 bought, 0 sold | +12.2% | +3.8% | 50% | +11.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.45, 10 years | +13.2% | +12.7%+14.4% held throughout | 64% |
| Global Gp LLCDirector, Other | GLP | 102122 bought, 0 sold | −0.5% | +0.6% | 50% | +0.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.44, 12 years | +14.9% | +11.2%+14.3% held throughout | 75% |
| Riley Bryant RChief executive, Director, 10% owner | RILY, ALTG, BW +3 | 7383 bought, 5 sold | +14.3% | −5.9% | 48% | +17.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.45, 9 years | +1.6% | +11.7%+13.4% held throughout | 77% |
| Myers FranklinChief executive, Director | FIX, DINO | 5659 bought, 11 sold | +6.1% | −0.2% | 48% | +6.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.45, 13 years | +25.3% | +13.4%+13.9% held throughout | 95% |
| Gates William H III10% owner, Other | RSG, AN, ECL +1 | 5462 bought, 12 sold | +2.6% | +4.2% | 74% | +4.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.46, 8 years | +10.4% | +7.3%+14.2% held throughout | 53% |
| Brauser MichaelOfficer, Director, 10% owner | FLNT, RDVT, NAGE | 3663 bought, 7 sold | +58.6% | +58.3% | 69% | +60.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.50, 4 years | +3.1% | +5.2%+13.9% held throughout | 36% |
| Katz Samuel LDirector | PFLT, PNNT | 2730 bought, 3 sold | +6.2% | +6.3% | 67% | +6.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.46, 10 years | +10.4% | +10.6%+14.1% held throughout | 58% |
| Debbink Dirk JDirector | CINF | 2831 bought, 0 sold | +2.6% | +6.0% | 57% | +3.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.47, 11 years | +14.8% | +12.9%+14.2% held throughout | 93% |
| Roth Ronald GDirector | CLFD | 3648 bought, 0 sold | −2.1% | −11.4% | 33% | +1.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.48, 14 years | +12.8% | +13.2%+13.8% held throughout | 96% |
| Agree JoeyChief executive | ADC | 2022 bought, 0 sold | +2.4% | −2.4% | 45% | +1.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.50, 7 years | +8.6% | +8.5%+14.0% held throughout | 58% |
| Noone John EDirector | MPB | 3941 bought, 0 sold | +1.8% | −0.1% | 49% | +2.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.49, 11 years | +13.2% | +13.4%+13.7% held throughout | 91% |
| Hubbard Allan BDirector | SPG | 3131 bought, 0 sold | +3.3% | +2.5% | 61% | +7.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.52, 10 years | +15.2% | +13.2%+14.3% held throughout | 75% |
| Hogan Mark DOfficer, Director | BCBP | 3435 bought, 0 sold | −4.5% | −16.4% | 41% | −3.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.51, 13 years | +10.9% | +12.5%+14.3% held throughout | 83% |
| Nelson David DChief executive | WTBA | 3838 bought, 0 sold | −0.8% | +3.2% | 58% | 0.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.53, 11 years | +12.5% | +10.9%+14.6% held throughout | 66% |
| Sabo EliasDirector, Other | CODI, FOXF | 2727 bought, 0 sold | +8.2% | +9.9% | 63% | +9.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.54, 10 years | +13.5% | +12.4%+15.0% held throughout | 65% |
| Kamerschen RobertDirector | STGW | 2828 bought, 0 sold | +6.1% | −14.7% | 46% | +7.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.57, 4 years | +9.2% | +5.6%+14.0% held throughout | 29% |
| Abdiel Qualified Master Fund LP10% owner | APPN, CRCT, FSLY | 3232 bought, 6 sold | −14.5% | −24.2% | 16% | −11.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.55, 7 years | +5.3% | +9.4%+14.6% held throughout | 74% |
| Simmons Harold CChief executive, Officer, 10% owner | VHI, KRO, CIX +1 | 256256 bought, 1 sold | +13.8% | −10.7% | 40% | +15.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.58, 4 years | +4.5% | +6.0%+14.2% held throughout | 29% |
| Hyzak Dwayne L.Chief executive, Chief financial officer, Officer | MAIN, MSIF | 2327 bought, 3 sold | +10.0% | +10.3% | 74% | +10.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.56, 6 years | +10.9% | +11.8%+14.4% held throughout | 54% |
| Bank Of America Corp /de/Director, 10% owner, Other | HCA, HRI, BAC | 2125 bought, 34 sold | +0.1% | −10.5% | 33% | +0.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.58, 5 years | +3.6% | +3.3%+14.0% held throughout | 8% |
| Seger Thomas WDirector | GABC | 6565 bought, 5 sold | +4.6% | +6.2% | 59% | +3.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.58, 15 years | +11.6% | +13.2%+15.0% held throughout | 88% |
| Fisher Robert DDirector | CHCO | 3135 bought, 0 sold | +0.2% | +0.2% | 52% | +1.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.62, 9 years | +14.8% | +13.7%+15.7% held throughout | 91% |
| Butler John C Jr and related entitiesChief executive, Officer, Director, Other | HY, NC, HBB | 7676 bought, 0 sold | −12.5% | −26.7% | 16% | −10.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.63, 5 years | +1.5% | +6.3%+14.7% held throughout | 37% |
| Rosenthal Saul BOfficer | OXSQ | 3756 bought, 0 sold | +17.7% | +18.4% | 95% | +19.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.64, 5 years | +6.0% | +6.5%+14.9% held throughout | 32% |
| Lesser David HChief executive, Officer | PW | 2528 bought, 0 sold | −8.3% | −16.3% | 16% | −3.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.64, 8 years | +7.5% | +9.1%+14.4% held throughout | 55% |
| Noto AnthonyChief executive | SOFI | 3341 bought, 0 sold | +5.8% | −6.3% | 42% | +3.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.67, 4 years | −0.8% | +10.2%+12.5% held throughout | 86% |
| Cahalan Jay P.Director | GCBC | 2020 bought, 1 sold | −1.0% | −6.0% | 45% | +4.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.65, 9 years | +16.4% | +13.4%+14.3% held throughout | 89% |
| Burns Gordon M and related entitiesOther | CODI | 3030 bought, 5 sold | +3.2% | −0.2% | 50% | +5.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.66, 15 years | +5.9% | +14.0%+13.9% held throughout | 88% |
| Levinson SamDirector, 10% owner | SNDA, CLPR, FPH | 2334 bought, 0 sold | +0.9% | −32.7% | 22% | +7.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.67, 7 years | −4.3% | +10.7%+14.6% held throughout | 76% |
| Gould Fredric HOfficer, Director | BRT, EGP, OLP | 4143 bought, 1 sold | −1.8% | +1.1% | 54% | −0.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.67, 8 years | +7.5% | +5.5%+14.2% held throughout | 51% |
| Rankin Alfred M Et AlChief executive, Officer, Director | HY, NC, HBB | 178178 bought, 4 sold | −18.0% | −27.1% | 15% | −16.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.68, 5 years | +2.6% | +4.0%+14.4% held throughout | 29% |
| Rankin Victoire G and related entitiesOther | HY, NC, HBB | 175175 bought, 4 sold | −18.0% | −27.1% | 14% | −16.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.68, 5 years | +2.6% | +4.0%+14.4% held throughout | 29% |
| Towerview LLCDirector, 10% owner | SGA, TRC | 6767 bought, 31 sold | +19.5% | +16.6% | 73% | +20.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.68, 8 years | +12.5% | +9.4%+14.1% held throughout | 49% |
| Ayers James W.Officer, Director, 10% owner | FBK | 3737 bought, 3 sold | +4.6% | +1.0% | 60% | +4.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.73, 5 years | +16.8% | +17.8%+17.9% held throughout | 69% |
| Stein Todd JDirector | SPOK | 2930 bought, 17 sold | +38.8% | +58.4% | 59% | +41.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.73, 5 years | +16.4% | +9.7%+15.2% held throughout | 62% |
| Holding Frank B and related entitiesOfficer, 10% owner | FCNCA | 8585 bought, 9 sold | −13.0% | −13.9% | 8% | −12.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.73, 6 years | +4.3% | +5.1%+13.9% held throughout | 34% |
| Patel PareshChief executive | HCI | 3838 bought, 0 sold | +8.5% | +9.2% | 82% | +8.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.74, 8 years | +2.7% | +3.5%+13.7% held throughout | 58% |
| Choi BrianDirector | OPBK | 4040 bought, 1 sold | −1.1% | −9.0% | 43% | 0.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.75, 6 years | +5.4% | +13.2%+15.1% held throughout | 77% |
| Rankin Roger F and related entitiesOther | HY, NC, HBB | 159159 bought, 0 sold | −19.8% | −28.5% | 14% | −18.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.75, 5 years | +4.9% | +7.5%+14.7% held throughout | 43% |
| Peterman TamaraDirector | UMBF | 2023 bought, 0 sold | −0.6% | −1.3% | 45% | +1.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.76, 6 years | +19.6% | +15.6%+15.6% held throughout | 100% |
| Bimes Randy S.Director | QNBC | 2931 bought, 0 sold | −2.1% | −5.9% | 35% | −2.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.77, 5 years | +14.3% | +16.4%+16.7% held throughout | 97% |
| Dondero James DOfficer, Director, 10% owner, Other | NXDT, NREF, NXRT | 169186 bought, 19 sold | +10.5% | +2.3% | 54% | +8.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.78, 12 years | +10.8% | +9.8%+13.6% held throughout | 79% |
| Marchionne SergioDirector | PM | 3333 bought, 0 sold | +4.8% | −0.1% | 49% | +4.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.78, 5 years | +6.6% | +5.8%+13.8% held throughout | 34% |
| Averick Robert MDirector, 10% owner | ASYS | 2834 bought, 0 sold | −9.1% | −29.8% | 29% | −21.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.78, 9 years | +5.2% | +7.6%+13.7% held throughout | 62% |
| Hilsheimer Lawrence A.Chief financial officer, Director | GEF, IBP, SMG +1 | 4653 bought, 20 sold | +1.4% | −4.7% | 30% | +1.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.80, 11 years | +13.3% | +8.9%+13.9% held throughout | 73% |
| Ehrman Bradley JChief executive, Officer | DMLP | 2426 bought, 0 sold | −0.3% | −6.0% | 46% | +0.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.82, 11 years | +11.0% | +12.8%+13.8% held throughout | 96% |
| Monmouth Real Estate Investment CorpOther | UMH | 2020 bought, 0 sold | +1.1% | −1.8% | 35% | +2.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.83, 6 years | +6.0% | +5.7%+14.2% held throughout | 32% |
| Marberry MichaelDirector | ASIX, AWK | 3131 bought, 0 sold | −18.7% | −30.9% | 23% | −14.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.84, 7 years | +4.8% | +11.8%+15.2% held throughout | 69% |
| Aldrich RichardDirector | TPST, VSTM | 4242 bought, 0 sold | +11.3% | −56.3% | 24% | +12.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.85, 4 years | −16.0% | +5.7%+14.2% held throughout | 29% |
| Lechleiter John CDirector | F, NKE | 2626 bought, 0 sold | −3.7% | −7.7% | 35% | −3.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.84, 11 years | +8.7% | +10.4%+13.9% held throughout | 66% |
| Sheehan John DChief financial officer | TEX | 4040 bought, 3 sold | −1.6% | −25.8% | 28% | +0.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.87, 4 years | +1.0% | +7.3%+14.7% held throughout | 37% |
| Wong RoderickChief executive, Director, 10% owner | IMVT, STOK, OBIO +3 | 2021 bought, 2 sold | +197.3% | +316.4% | 80% | +206.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.88, 4 years | +20.4% | +9.9%+16.2% held throughout | 39% |
| Holder H Randolph JrDirector | OVLY | 3535 bought, 0 sold | +5.6% | +7.8% | 57% | +4.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.87, 10 years | +14.5% | +15.0%+15.1% held throughout | 98% |
| Hines Jeffrey RChief executive, Director | YORW | 5454 bought, 0 sold | +1.8% | +0.7% | 52% | +1.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.88, 13 years | +10.2% | +10.7%+13.9% held throughout | 79% |
| Poitevint Alec IIDirector | ACIC | 2834 bought, 0 sold | −3.3% | +0.7% | 50% | −0.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.88, 8 years | −0.6% | +10.0%+14.5% held throughout | 62% |
| Stilwell Joseph and related entitiesDirector, 10% owner | KWY, SFBC, ACIC | 6983 bought, 5 sold | −36.1% | −48.8% | 19% | −36.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.88, 8 years | +0.5% | +4.5%+14.4% held throughout | 41% |
| Pomeroy Robert D. JR.Chief executive | HRZN | 2424 bought, 0 sold | +2.6% | −4.3% | 42% | +3.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.90, 9 years | +7.1% | +10.6%+15.4% held throughout | 66% |
| Trotter JohnnyDirector | FFIN | 103105 bought, 0 sold | +0.4% | −1.7% | 48% | +0.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.90, 16 years | +9.7% | +13.7%+14.1% held throughout | 99% |
| Maclennan DavidDirector | ECL, CAT, CHRW | 2833 bought, 0 sold | +3.0% | −2.7% | 46% | +2.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.93, 12 years | +10.5% | +11.6%+14.4% held throughout | 85% |
| Sosin Clifford10% owner | CDLX, WRLD | 3232 bought, 7 sold | +51.2% | +64.4% | 59% | +51.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.94, 5 years | −30.3% | +9.7%+16.1% held throughout | 56% |
| Edwards Murray HamiltonDirector | FFIN | 4447 bought, 0 sold | +3.7% | +3.8% | 55% | +3.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.95, 16 years | +9.7% | +13.5%+14.7% held throughout | 94% |
| Melvin Gary WDirector | FMBH | 2020 bought, 0 sold | +4.0% | +3.0% | 65% | +3.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.97, 6 years | +7.8% | +7.4%+14.3% held throughout | 43% |
| Sloane BarryChief executive | NEWT | 6266 bought, 0 sold | +8.2% | +4.6% | 58% | +6.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.98, 11 years | +9.9% | +15.2%+13.4% held throughout | 96% |
| Dorchester Minerals Operating LPOther | DMLP | 5459 bought, 0 sold | −2.6% | −12.2% | 35% | −3.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.97, 11 years | +16.2% | +13.6%+13.9% held throughout | 98% |
| Tisch Daniel RDirector, 10% owner | SGA, TRC, VNO +1 | 8487 bought, 34 sold | +12.6% | +4.8% | 58% | +14.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.99, 11 years | +16.0% | +12.7%+14.2% held throughout | 72% |
| King Richard J.Chief executive | IVR | 2525 bought, 0 sold | −0.8% | −0.7% | 48% | −0.3% | No reliable evidencep = 1.00, 7 years | +7.6% | +8.3%+14.3% held throughout | 43% |
| Edenbrook Long Only Value Fund, LPDirector, 10% owner | MCHX, FEIM | 2145 bought, 1 sold | −6.2% | −9.8% | 38% | −4.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.99, 6 years | +10.6% | +12.8%+14.5% held throughout | 63% |
| Westphal Christoph H and related entitiesChief executive, Officer, Director, 10% owner | DCOY, VSTM, TPST | 4949 bought, 1 sold | −52.3% | −73.0% | 4% | −53.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.98, 4 years | −4.4% | +5.9%+14.0% held throughout | 32% |
| Fisher Jeffrey HChief executive | CLDT | 2121 bought, 0 sold | +1.7% | +10.1% | 62% | +1.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.97, 10 years | +9.8% | +9.2%+14.4% held throughout | 63% |
| Disanto Frederick D.Director | EML, AP | 2332 bought, 0 sold | −13.7% | −25.0% | 26% | −13.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.96, 7 years | +8.0% | +9.1%+15.0% held throughout | 71% |
| Paquin NatalyeDirector | UVSP | 2325 bought, 1 sold | +2.6% | +2.6% | 57% | +3.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.95, 7 years | +8.8% | +14.3%+15.1% held throughout | 92% |
| Ramsey Chris ADirector | GABC | 2626 bought, 0 sold | −1.2% | −4.8% | 42% | −2.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.95, 13 years | +10.4% | +12.4%+14.8% held throughout | 83% |
| Price Teddy RayDirector | RRBI | 2428 bought, 0 sold | −3.1% | −9.0% | 38% | −2.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.94, 6 years | +11.4% | +14.5%+14.5% held throughout | 100% |
| Cto Realty Growth, Inc.10% owner | PINE | 3434 bought, 0 sold | −10.3% | −14.5% | 18% | −9.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.93, 5 years | +9.6% | +12.2%+12.2% held throughout | 89% |
| Makris George JrChief executive, Officer, Director | SFNC | 2525 bought, 2 sold | +3.3% | +5.1% | 60% | +4.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.92, 14 years | +7.5% | +13.3%+14.7% held throughout | 84% |
| Nadal MilesChief executive, 10% owner | STGW | 3333 bought, 2 sold | −9.0% | +4.5% | 58% | −6.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.92, 4 years | +4.5% | +4.1%+14.2% held throughout | 19% |
| Byrd Thomas TDirector | EFSI | 2727 bought, 1 sold | −3.1% | −2.1% | 33% | −2.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.91, 10 years | +10.1% | +10.2%+14.2% held throughout | 55% |
| Goldman Sachs Group IncDirector, 10% owner | GSBD, AMN, FLYW +14 | 4344 bought, 38 sold | +9.9% | +14.7% | 79% | +13.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.90, 8 years | +1.4% | +2.9%+14.4% held throughout | 20% |
| Biglari, SardarChief executive, 10% owner | BH.A, CBRL, TULP +2 | 2024 bought, 12 sold | +7.5% | +4.0% | 55% | +10.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.89, 7 years | +8.3% | +8.9%+14.8% held throughout | 53% |
| Kao JamesDirector | RBB | 3030 bought, 0 sold | +1.1% | −7.8% | 47% | +0.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.89, 6 years | +6.2% | +16.5%+16.4% held throughout | 77% |
| Marcotte BobOfficer | GLAD | 3333 bought, 1 sold | −2.3% | −3.6% | 42% | −0.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.89, 6 years | +7.9% | +9.2%+13.8% held throughout | 54% |
| Gross Michael SChief executive, Officer | SLRC | 3337 bought, 0 sold | +3.6% | −3.1% | 42% | +3.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.87, 13 years | +7.1% | +12.6%+14.2% held throughout | 78% |
| Wisneski Francis V JrDirector | AMRC | 2525 bought, 41 sold | −20.2% | −25.8% | 8% | −17.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.88, 6 years | +2.2% | +7.2%+14.3% held throughout | 42% |
| Feldstein Andrew TOfficer, Director | AGO, PNC | 3434 bought, 2 sold | −29.0% | −50.5% | 24% | −30.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.84, 5 years | +6.2% | +6.9%+13.8% held throughout | 32% |
| Bishop Robert JDirector | UFI | 3131 bought, 4 sold | −26.3% | −40.6% | 16% | −24.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.84, 4 years | −3.7% | +7.6%+14.9% held throughout | 39% |
| Anzalone JohnChief executive, Officer | IVR | 2122 bought, 0 sold | +0.1% | −0.7% | 48% | +0.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.81, 8 years | +5.9% | +8.0%+14.0% held throughout | 49% |
| Bortz Jon EChief executive, Director | PEB, HPP | 3741 bought, 14 sold | −1.1% | −12.9% | 43% | +0.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.81, 7 years | +2.7% | +8.3%+14.9% held throughout | 45% |
| Lacarte John JDirector | CBFV | 2020 bought, 2 sold | −6.9% | −5.5% | 30% | −7.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.80, 7 years | +6.7% | +12.0%+13.6% held throughout | 67% |
| Barnes Michael GeneChief executive, Officer | TIPT | 299313 bought, 0 sold | −0.8% | −9.9% | 25% | −1.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.80, 6 years | +9.3% | +9.4%+13.4% held throughout | 51% |
| Topper Joseph V. JR.Chief executive, Officer, Director | CAPL, COSO | 3434 bought, 0 sold | −1.5% | +2.2% | 56% | +0.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.78, 9 years | +6.0% | +11.3%+14.1% held throughout | 80% |
| Gayner Thomas SinnicksonChief executive, Officer, Director | MKL, CABO, GHC | 2727 bought, 1 sold | −15.4% | −10.3% | 41% | −15.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.77, 6 years | +4.5% | +5.8%+14.6% held throughout | 38% |
| Geygan Jeffrey RichartChief executive, Director | RMCF, CLMB, LOOP | 2948 bought, 1 sold | −29.6% | −26.2% | 31% | −28.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.76, 6 years | +12.5% | +8.3%+14.7% held throughout | 65% |
| Steinour Stephen DChief executive, Director | HBAN, BBWI | 2529 bought, 0 sold | +6.0% | +5.2% | 64% | +6.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.75, 12 years | +12.1% | +11.0%+14.0% held throughout | 72% |
| Hughes B Wayne Et AlDirector, 10% owner, Other | AMH, PSA | 3131 bought, 8 sold | +1.3% | +8.4% | 58% | +1.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.75, 7 years | +7.7% | +8.2%+13.5% held throughout | 56% |
| Graves Greg MDirector | UMBF | 4245 bought, 1 sold | −2.6% | −5.3% | 36% | −1.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.72, 13 years | +9.1% | +10.8%+14.4% held throughout | 80% |
| Eberwein Jeffrey E.Chief executive, Director | STRR, ENVB | 118166 bought, 6 sold | +31.9% | +68.4% | 56% | +32.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.73, 5 years | +1.2% | +7.2%+15.5% held throughout | 44% |
| Rizzo James G.Director | BCBP | 3333 bought, 0 sold | +2.0% | 0.0% | 52% | +3.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.71, 10 years | +7.5% | +13.5%+13.6% held throughout | 93% |
| Barry John FChief executive | PSEC | 97137 bought, 0 sold | −2.3% | +3.1% | 59% | −0.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.71, 12 years | +5.0% | +11.8%+14.3% held throughout | 71% |
| Brown Jeffrey JDirector | UPBD, MED | 4044 bought, 1 sold | −23.6% | −34.5% | 23% | −23.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.72, 7 years | +6.0% | +13.6%+15.2% held throughout | 75% |
| Green William CDirector | ABR | 2022 bought, 6 sold | −5.4% | −3.2% | 35% | −4.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.71, 11 years | −8.7% | +6.3%+14.8% held throughout | 43% |
| Nerges Joseph R10% owner | CSPI, WULF | 8894 bought, 10 sold | +30.4% | +0.6% | 51% | +31.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.68, 13 years | −3.6% | +8.1%+14.0% held throughout | 79% |
| Hylton Tracy W IIDirector | CHCO | 3131 bought, 0 sold | −0.4% | −2.4% | 42% | +0.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.68, 10 years | +8.3% | +10.8%+14.6% held throughout | 71% |
| Nokomis Capital, L.L.C.Director, 10% owner | VPG, WYY, INTT +2 | 2128 bought, 10 sold | +15.6% | +23.0% | 91% | +18.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.67, 5 years | +0.3% | +8.1%+14.8% held throughout | 36% |
| Hoover R DavidOfficer, Director | ELAN, BALL, EPC +1 | 2222 bought, 15 sold | −17.0% | −20.3% | 18% | −17.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.65, 9 years | −1.1% | +13.2%+14.8% held throughout | 92% |
| Bradshaw Stanley JDirector | BUSE | 4447 bought, 1 sold | +0.7% | +1.3% | 55% | −0.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.65, 6 years | +6.8% | +11.8%+14.8% held throughout | 69% |
| Watson Steven LChief executive, Officer | KRO | 4350 bought, 0 sold | +8.9% | −11.9% | 44% | +7.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.64, 5 years | +1.5% | +6.0%+14.4% held throughout | 33% |
| Bianchi Stephen MChief executive | CZWI | 2122 bought, 0 sold | −0.4% | +0.3% | 52% | −0.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.64, 5 years | +6.9% | +8.5%+14.8% held throughout | 61% |
| Forman Michael C.Chief executive | FSK | 6264 bought, 3 sold | −6.7% | −6.6% | 23% | −6.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.62, 8 years | −4.4% | +4.1%+13.8% held throughout | 65% |
| Masterson John J.Director | BSBK | 3032 bought, 0 sold | −20.8% | −22.6% | 13% | −20.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.63, 5 years | +4.3% | +13.9%+15.8% held throughout | 90% |
| Mario ErnestDirector | BSX, TNXP, HYPD | 2029 bought, 6 sold | −25.2% | −22.6% | 25% | −22.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.62, 5 years | −0.3% | +5.0%+14.1% held throughout | 29% |
| Hendrickson Brett10% owner | VPG, WYY, BXC +2 | 2127 bought, 2 sold | +15.0% | +25.1% | 81% | +15.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.62, 5 years | −0.9% | +8.4%+15.3% held throughout | 35% |
| Bram Craig CChief executive | ACNT | 3434 bought, 0 sold | −15.0% | −23.3% | 35% | −13.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.60, 9 years | +1.3% | +9.7%+14.2% held throughout | 59% |
| Kinder Richard DChief executive, Officer | KMI | 6262 bought, 0 sold | −16.1% | −18.3% | 15% | −15.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.59, 9 years | +1.8% | +9.3%+13.8% held throughout | 64% |
| Hess Jack LeeDirector | DGICA | 2323 bought, 1 sold | −5.1% | −6.8% | 30% | −4.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.58, 11 years | +5.4% | +8.7%+13.8% held throughout | 65% |
| Cutlip Robert GOfficer | GOOD | 3838 bought, 0 sold | −6.8% | −13.9% | 32% | −2.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.58, 9 years | +5.4% | +9.9%+14.6% held throughout | 64% |
| Biglari Capital Corp.Chief executive, 10% owner | BH.A, CBRL, TULP +2 | 2932 bought, 10 sold | −1.6% | −1.7% | 48% | −1.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.58, 7 years | +7.4% | +10.0%+14.6% held throughout | 58% |
| Michaud Gerald A.Officer | HRZN | 2323 bought, 0 sold | −4.8% | −5.9% | 39% | −4.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.56, 12 years | +7.0% | +12.9%+15.3% held throughout | 82% |
| Cummins WesChief executive, Director | APLD, VPG | 2562 bought, 4 sold | −10.1% | −8.3% | 40% | −8.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.59, 4 years | +3.9% | +11.7%+17.2% held throughout | 62% |
| Sakellaris George PChief executive | AMRC | 3741 bought, 18 sold | −21.6% | −28.1% | 5% | −19.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.56, 9 years | −6.5% | +9.1%+15.0% held throughout | 52% |
| Sanofi10% owner | REGN, ALNY | 4545 bought, 7 sold | +17.4% | +28.8% | 71% | +17.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.57, 4 years | +2.9% | +6.2%+13.9% held throughout | 34% |
| Rakolta John JrDirector | ADC | 3642 bought, 0 sold | −1.8% | −1.4% | 39% | −1.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.53, 11 years | +8.2% | +12.8%+15.4% held throughout | 81% |
| Duggan Robert WChief executive, Director, 10% owner | PLSE, ISRG, SMMT | 3541 bought, 20 sold | +0.6% | −33.3% | 40% | +3.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.54, 6 years | −11.6% | +9.5%+14.6% held throughout | 71% |
| Control Empresarial De Capitales S.A. De C.V.10% owner | PBF, NYT, TALO +1 | 114121 bought, 113 sold | −17.0% | −29.5% | 32% | −17.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.54, 6 years | −2.0% | +8.2%+15.1% held throughout | 33% |
| De Soto Matthew GDirector | MPB | 3033 bought, 0 sold | −2.9% | −6.4% | 43% | −1.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.51, 9 years | +3.9% | +10.1%+15.4% held throughout | 63% |
| Pantilione Vito SChief executive, Officer | PKBK | 3439 bought, 1 sold | −6.8% | −5.6% | 35% | −6.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.51, 9 years | +11.1% | +14.9%+14.9% held throughout | 100% |
| Massey Richard NChief executive, Director | CNNE, ALIT, FNF +1 | 2728 bought, 14 sold | −10.2% | −17.6% | 33% | −9.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.51, 8 years | −9.7% | +9.7%+14.9% held throughout | 57% |
| Smith Daniel EarlOfficer | CTO, PINE | 2323 bought, 0 sold | −0.6% | −6.2% | 48% | −3.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.48, 10 years | +5.2% | +10.8%+13.7% held throughout | 70% |
| Curley Kevin MOfficer | TRST | 2425 bought, 0 sold | −8.4% | −9.3% | 33% | −8.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.48, 8 years | +9.5% | +15.4%+15.4% held throughout | 100% |
| Bochnowski David AChief executive, Officer, Other | FNWD | 2323 bought, 0 sold | +1.1% | −0.4% | 48% | +1.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.44, 9 years | +11.1% | +13.1%+14.8% held throughout | 69% |
| Brokaw George ROfficer, Director | ALCO, CTO, ECHO | 4041 bought, 1 sold | −29.0% | −39.2% | 13% | −27.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.43, 9 years | 0.0% | +8.5%+13.6% held throughout | 67% |
| Cabillot Raymond EDirector | PDEX, AIRT, OXBR | 2033 bought, 8 sold | −18.5% | −24.3% | 20% | −13.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.42, 7 years | +1.0% | +8.0%+13.9% held throughout | 53% |
| Gerdin Michael JChief executive, Director | HTLD, WTBA | 2626 bought, 4 sold | −26.4% | −45.0% | 27% | −25.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.42, 5 years | +4.5% | +18.9%+17.7% held throughout | 72% |
| Glaser Jonathan MDirector | HPP | 2526 bought, 5 sold | −2.2% | +4.1% | 68% | −1.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.39, 9 years | +1.1% | +8.2%+13.8% held throughout | 57% |
| Rusnak WalterChief financial officer, Officer | PBHC | 3030 bought, 0 sold | −8.8% | −12.7% | 43% | −6.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.39, 9 years | +6.0% | +12.6%+14.8% held throughout | 82% |
| Lehner Edward J.Chief executive, Chief financial officer | RYZ | 2222 bought, 6 sold | −5.4% | −3.6% | 36% | −1.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.40, 6 years | −5.8% | +4.3%+13.4% held throughout | 46% |
| Pittman Paul AChief executive, Officer | FPI | 6667 bought, 0 sold | −6.0% | −8.4% | 36% | −5.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.37, 10 years | +1.6% | +11.5%+13.5% held throughout | 83% |
| B. Riley Securities, Inc.Director, 10% owner | ALTG, BW, EOSE +3 | 2025 bought, 3 sold | +7.8% | +15.0% | 60% | +17.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.41, 4 years | −14.8% | +11.9%+16.8% held throughout | 63% |
| Eliasek M GrierOfficer | PSEC | 7791 bought, 0 sold | −5.8% | +4.6% | 57% | −3.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.36, 11 years | +3.5% | +11.1%+14.7% held throughout | 64% |
| Wilkins III James RDirector | FXNC | 3540 bought, 1 sold | +4.8% | +16.0% | 69% | +4.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.35, 8 years | +1.4% | +11.8%+14.4% held throughout | 51% |
| Wilkins James R JrDirector | EFSI | 5656 bought, 0 sold | −3.8% | −2.6% | 46% | −3.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.35, 9 years | +9.3% | +11.9%+14.1% held throughout | 61% |
| Krimbill H MichaelChief executive | NGL | 2238 bought, 1 sold | −19.5% | −37.4% | 36% | −18.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.36, 8 years | −8.1% | +9.0%+14.8% held throughout | 53% |
| Rady Ernest SChief executive, Officer | AAT | 184204 bought, 0 sold | −9.9% | −9.1% | 29% | −9.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.34, 13 years | +4.8% | +12.4%+14.0% held throughout | 89% |
| Ball Lawrence JOfficer, Director | NKSH, MOG.A | 2020 bought, 4 sold | −12.4% | −14.1% | 20% | −12.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.33, 8 years | +2.6% | +15.1%+15.4% held throughout | 94% |
| Kabbash Charles ADirector | FRST | 3333 bought, 1 sold | −7.6% | −6.6% | 39% | −9.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.32, 13 years | +7.8% | +12.5%+14.7% held throughout | 83% |
| Oswald Brian HChief financial officer | PSEC | 2020 bought, 0 sold | −6.5% | −12.1% | 35% | −5.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.32, 8 years | +5.5% | +8.4%+14.8% held throughout | 51% |
| Standard General L.P.Officer, Director, 10% owner | MDIA, NCMI, TPB | 2227 bought, 3 sold | −30.9% | −63.9% | 32% | −26.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.34, 5 years | −16.1% | +5.9%+14.7% held throughout | 49% |
| Decker Mark Okey JrChief executive, Officer, Director | CSR, XRN, PINE | 2330 bought, 0 sold | −6.7% | −10.1% | 26% | −11.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.31, 6 years | +7.5% | +14.2%+15.2% held throughout | 69% |
| Smith Gerald F JrDirector | FXNC | 5757 bought, 1 sold | −31.1% | −29.8% | 12% | −31.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.31, 5 years | +0.8% | +6.8%+13.9% held throughout | 33% |
| Smith Edgar R. IIIDirector | FGBI | 3035 bought, 1 sold | +1.0% | −8.6% | 43% | +6.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.26, 11 years | −0.4% | +12.5%+13.5% held throughout | 96% |
| Carter Thomas L JrChief executive, Officer | BSM | 3032 bought, 0 sold | −5.3% | −3.0% | 50% | −4.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.27, 8 years | +5.5% | +11.3%+14.3% held throughout | 76% |
| Klinsky Steven BDirector, 10% owner | NMFC, AVTR | 4347 bought, 1 sold | −7.0% | −8.6% | 37% | −6.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.26, 11 years | +6.4% | +11.7%+15.3% held throughout | 74% |
| Carey RobertDirector | XAIR | 2027 bought, 0 sold | −35.2% | −32.0% | 40% | −34.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.31, 4 years | −17.5% | +10.2%+15.4% held throughout | 58% |
| Mccoy JR. Albert EDirector | DCOM | 2020 bought, 0 sold | −4.7% | −6.2% | 20% | −3.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.25, 9 years | +6.0% | +9.5%+13.8% held throughout | 62% |
| Stone JamesOfficer | NMFC | 2121 bought, 0 sold | −3.1% | −5.2% | 38% | −2.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.24, 11 years | +8.7% | +13.0%+15.2% held throughout | 65% |
| Hood William KDirector | FGBI | 2631 bought, 1 sold | −2.6% | −11.4% | 35% | +2.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.23, 13 years | +3.9% | +13.1%+14.6% held throughout | 89% |
| Penn Arthur HChief executive | PNNT, PFLT | 7177 bought, 0 sold | −15.6% | −15.9% | 27% | −14.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.24, 9 years | +5.5% | +8.5%+14.4% held throughout | 53% |
| Adelman David J.Director | FSK, UP | 3337 bought, 0 sold | −2.2% | −2.6% | 33% | −2.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.25, 6 years | −8.7% | +4.3%+13.8% held throughout | 43% |
| Weinstein Adam B.Chief financial officer, Officer | NMFC | 2729 bought, 0 sold | −3.7% | −1.2% | 41% | −3.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.22, 13 years | +8.2% | +13.1%+15.3% held throughout | 90% |
| Srinivasan MallikaDirector, 10% owner | AGCO | 7676 bought, 1 sold | −8.9% | −4.7% | 24% | −8.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.27, 4 years | +2.3% | +5.3%+14.3% held throughout | 29% |
| Saul B Francis IIChief executive | BFS | 6767 bought, 0 sold | −14.8% | −20.0% | 13% | −13.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.21, 9 years | +2.1% | +8.9%+13.9% held throughout | 58% |
| Benham Douglas NDirector | AMH | 2934 bought, 5 sold | −8.0% | −8.8% | 24% | −8.9% | No reliable evidencep = 0.21, 8 years | +6.0% | +12.3%+15.1% held throughout | 72% |
| Lorber David AChief executive, Officer | PFX | 2428 bought, 0 sold | −8.5% | −3.1% | 29% | −8.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.24, 5 years | +3.7% | +13.4%+13.4% held throughout | 100% |
| Turtle Creek Asset Management Inc.10% owner | JELD, BFH | 4344 bought, 14 sold | −24.6% | −1.0% | 49% | −23.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.26, 4 years | −37.7% | +10.0%+14.8% held throughout | 73% |
| Denny Michael B.Director | FFIN | 2022 bought, 1 sold | −13.4% | −16.6% | 30% | −12.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.20, 7 years | +5.2% | +16.1%+15.2% held throughout | 91% |
| Spodek AndrewChief executive | PSTL | 2121 bought, 0 sold | −15.2% | −19.4% | 24% | −15.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.23, 5 years | +8.4% | +11.6%+15.6% held throughout | 73% |
| Kirk Randal JChief executive, Officer, Director, 10% owner | PGEN, HALO, TCRT +6 | 2345 bought, 16 sold | −28.2% | −39.7% | 13% | −22.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.19, 8 years | −12.4% | +6.8%+13.7% held throughout | 54% |
| Hugh ReddChief financial officer, Director | APLE, GD | 3132 bought, 5 sold | −11.6% | −10.9% | 19% | −12.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.15, 10 years | +7.9% | +12.8%+14.0% held throughout | 89% |
| Aubrey William E IIDirector | PFIS | 2727 bought, 1 sold | −2.0% | +1.7% | 56% | −3.2% | No reliable evidencep = 0.15, 10 years | +7.6% | +9.9%+14.2% held throughout | 59% |
| Isaac JonChief executive | LIVE | 2129 bought, 0 sold | −16.7% | −20.8% | 38% | −10.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.17, 6 years | −7.6% | +8.3%+14.4% held throughout | 52% |
| Agadi Harshavardhan VChief executive, Director | CRD.A, FTK, CNDT | 2139 bought, 11 sold | −8.9% | −11.5% | 38% | −7.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.18, 5 years | +4.5% | +5.9%+13.9% held throughout | 36% |
| Rankin Claiborne RDirector | HY | 9090 bought, 4 sold | −22.8% | −27.1% | 14% | −21.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.21, 4 years | −5.2% | +7.2%+15.0% held throughout | 39% |
| Allied Physicians Of California, A Professional Medical Corp10% owner | ASTH | 2525 bought, 1 sold | −16.8% | −18.1% | 12% | −15.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.21, 4 years | +5.7% | +6.7%+15.4% held throughout | 48% |
| Rankin Corbin and related entitiesOther | HY, HBB, NC | 101101 bought, 0 sold | −22.8% | −27.0% | 14% | −21.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.21, 4 years | +0.5% | +7.2%+15.0% held throughout | 39% |
| Rankin Chloe O and related entitiesOther | HY, NC | 8787 bought, 13 sold | −24.3% | −27.1% | 12% | −23.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.20, 4 years | −6.4% | +7.2%+15.0% held throughout | 39% |
| Riley Kevin PChief executive, Chief financial officer, Officer | FIBK, BBT | 2424 bought, 12 sold | −3.2% | −1.8% | 42% | −3.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.12, 15 years | +5.7% | +7.0%+14.0% held throughout | 43% |
| Allen H C JrChief financial officer, Officer, Director | DMLP | 2828 bought, 0 sold | −11.0% | −12.0% | 21% | −10.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.13, 10 years | +2.6% | +10.3%+14.6% held throughout | 57% |
| Frost Gamma Investments TrustChief executive, Director, 10% owner | OPK, FLNT, BCDA +2 | 328608 bought, 1 sold | −15.9% | −21.4% | 36% | −16.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.14, 8 years | −4.0% | +8.8%+14.2% held throughout | 47% |
| Portnoy DavidChief executive | CCEL | 2544 bought, 5 sold | −3.7% | −16.7% | 44% | −2.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.19, 4 years | −2.3% | +7.3%+14.4% held throughout | 39% |
| Knight Glade MChief executive, Officer | APLE | 4043 bought, 0 sold | −9.3% | −8.3% | 28% | −9.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.11, 11 years | +6.5% | +14.1%+14.0% held throughout | 100% |
| Rankin Alison AOther | HY, HBB | 2525 bought, 0 sold | −31.4% | −34.8% | 4% | −28.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.18, 4 years | −3.6% | +6.7%+15.0% held throughout | 38% |
| Golub DavidChief executive | GBDC | 127127 bought, 10 sold | −4.6% | −4.2% | 27% | −4.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.11, 9 years | +6.2% | +5.7%+14.8% held throughout | 37% |
| Berkowitz Bruce RDirector, 10% owner | SRG, JOE, AIG | 4444 bought, 43 sold | −14.5% | −21.1% | 16% | −14.5% | No reliable evidencep = 0.15, 5 years | −2.4% | +4.5%+14.3% held throughout | 26% |
| Obus NelsonDirector, 10% owner | LFCR, NATR, QRHC +3 | 2930 bought, 4 sold | −12.8% | −16.7% | 17% | −12.8% | No reliable evidencep = 0.12, 7 years | +5.0% | +9.8%+13.4% held throughout | 66% |
| Cary A. Bray JR.Director | EQT | 3939 bought, 0 sold | −14.3% | −19.4% | 28% | −14.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.087, 10 years | −3.6% | +7.7%+13.9% held throughout | 61% |
| Lemonis MarcusChief executive, Officer, Director | NXH, CWH | 2326 bought, 4 sold | −33.5% | −55.7% | 13% | −33.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.11, 6 years | −1.5% | +15.3%+15.6% held throughout | 66% |
| Whitmore Bradford T and related entitiesDirector, 10% owner | ULBI, SLSN | 2063 bought, 7 sold | −18.6% | −22.4% | 15% | −19.4% | No reliable evidencep = 0.11, 6 years | +17.0% | +11.3%+14.6% held throughout | 73% |
| Shepard Gregory M10% owner, Other | DGICA, AESI | 2929 bought, 2 sold | −21.2% | −15.0% | 38% | −21.6% | No reliable evidencep = 0.10, 6 years | −1.9% | +4.4%+13.8% held throughout | 33% |
| Langone Kenneth GDirector | UFI | 6986 bought, 0 sold | −2.0% | −5.5% | 45% | +0.1% | No reliable evidencep = 0.067, 14 years | −9.1% | +10.9%+14.1% held throughout | 87% |
| Debenedictis NicholasOfficer, Director | MG, MAGN, WTRG +1 | 2526 bought, 5 sold | −18.9% | −16.3% | 36% | −16.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.072, 10 years | 0.0% | +11.3%+14.3% held throughout | 60% |
| Budorick Stephen EChief executive | CDP | 3333 bought, 4 sold | −9.5% | −16.3% | 39% | −9.7% | No reliable evidencep = 0.13, 4 years | +5.3% | +9.6%+14.0% held throughout | 44% |
| Frost Phillip Md Et AlChief executive, Director, 10% owner | OPK, FLNT, COCP +2 | 381731 bought, 1 sold | −12.1% | −16.6% | 36% | −12.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.068, 9 years | −8.7% | +8.0%+13.9% held throughout | 52% |
| Golub Lawrence EOfficer, Director, 10% owner | GBDC | 123123 bought, 10 sold | −5.0% | −4.7% | 24% | −4.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.059, 8 years | +5.8% | +5.4%+14.8% held throughout | 34% |
| Ogens DavidDirector | NMFC | 2021 bought, 0 sold | −10.2% | −8.2% | 20% | −8.9% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.040, 14 years | +5.8% | +13.6%+14.2% held throughout | 93% |
| Gsk PLCDirector, 10% owner | INVA, WVE, DGX +3 | 2224 bought, 4 sold | −16.4% | −22.7% | 27% | −15.8% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.048, 8 years | −12.7% | +8.1%+14.2% held throughout | 54% |
| Berkshire Hathaway Inc and related entities10% owner | DVA, OXY, FWONK +13 | 6668 bought, 25 sold | −9.6% | −12.7% | 27% | −8.1% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.030, 12 years | +4.7% | +12.1%+14.4% held throughout | 78% |
| Taube BrookChief executive, Director | PFX | 4545 bought, 0 sold | −45.1% | −50.2% | 9% | −44.4% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.047, 7 years | −5.9% | +8.3%+15.0% held throughout | 44% |
| Martin Ruben SChief executive, Director | MMLP | 6082 bought, 1 sold | −20.0% | −20.9% | 17% | −19.4% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.032, 10 years | −9.3% | +7.6%+13.9% held throughout | 61% |
| Selig Allan HDirector | ODC | 2727 bought, 0 sold | −13.7% | −12.8% | 22% | −12.8% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.027, 11 years | +4.0% | +10.0%+14.3% held throughout | 71% |
| Donegal Mutual Insurance Co10% owner | DGICA | 149185 bought, 0 sold | −8.8% | −9.7% | 28% | −8.4% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.023, 13 years | +8.2% | +12.8%+15.0% held throughout | 84% |
| Keenan JeffreyDirector | MATV | 3535 bought, 0 sold | −44.5% | −44.7% | 6% | −42.0% | No reliable evidencep = 0.080, 4 years | −10.8% | +7.8%+14.9% held throughout | 43% |
| Gould Investors L P10% owner | BRT, OLP | 8789 bought, 0 sold | −16.7% | −19.6% | 20% | −16.5% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.024, 9 years | +2.3% | +7.9%+14.2% held throughout | 58% |
| Freemont Capital Pte Ltd10% owner | SXT, IFF | 4040 bought, 2 sold | −12.7% | −13.6% | 8% | −12.3% | No reliable evidencep = 0.065, 4 years | +1.7% | +5.3%+14.9% held throughout | 44% |
| Gould Matthew JOfficer | BRT, OLP | 8890 bought, 1 sold | −17.4% | −19.9% | 17% | −17.0% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.020, 9 years | +2.6% | +7.8%+14.2% held throughout | 58% |
| Taube SethDirector | PFX | 4040 bought, 0 sold | −50.1% | −55.9% | 3% | −49.5% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.042, 5 years | −4.3% | +5.5%+15.0% held throughout | 29% |
| Gould JeffreyChief executive, Officer | BRT, OLP | 8080 bought, 6 sold | −19.0% | −20.4% | 13% | −18.0% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.017, 8 years | +1.2% | +9.0%+14.3% held throughout | 61% |
| Ressler Richard SDirector, 10% owner | CMCT, ZD, OFS | 6576 bought, 10 sold | −25.1% | −26.1% | 6% | −22.3% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.025, 6 years | −7.5% | +7.6%+13.7% held throughout | 49% |
| Buffett Warren E and related entities10% owner | FWONK, DVA, PSX +10 | 6365 bought, 25 sold | −8.9% | −13.4% | 30% | −7.6% | Strong evidence: behindp = 0.010, 11 years | +4.0% | +13.9%+14.6% held throughout | 82% |
| Shemesh AvrahamDirector | CMCT | 5566 bought, 0 sold | −26.9% | −26.4% | 7% | −24.4% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.022, 6 years | −10.6% | +7.2%+13.7% held throughout | 47% |
| Kuba ShaulOfficer, Director | CMCT | 5566 bought, 0 sold | −26.9% | −26.4% | 7% | −24.4% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.022, 6 years | −10.6% | +7.2%+13.7% held throughout | 47% |
| Cohn Andrew M.Director | GWRS | 2325 bought, 0 sold | −17.1% | −14.5% | 0% | −15.1% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.040, 4 years | −7.3% | +13.7%+13.4% held throughout | 89% |
| Winder Investment Pte Ltd10% owner | IFF, SXT | 188188 bought, 0 sold | −12.8% | −14.3% | 21% | −12.1% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.014, 6 years | +2.1% | +7.7%+14.6% held throughout | 60% |
| Ottley Properties, LLCDirector, 10% owner | CKX | 2323 bought, 0 sold | −12.6% | −10.3% | 17% | −11.3% | Strong evidence: behindp = 0.008, 7 years | +0.2% | +7.3%+14.8% held throughout | 42% |
| Tannenbaum Leonard MChief executive, Officer, Director, 10% owner, Other | OCSL, AFCG, SUNS | 56101 bought, 83 sold | −25.3% | −27.0% | 11% | −23.4% | Strong evidence: behindp = 0.003, 10 years | −2.1% | +9.1%+14.3% held throughout | 65% |
| Ford Joe TDirector | WEST | 2732 bought, 0 sold | −36.7% | −44.6% | 4% | −37.1% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.024, 4 years | −2.8% | +18.8%+18.8% held throughout | 100% |
| Gelsinger Patrick PChief executive, Director | INTC, MBLY | 2323 bought, 0 sold | −36.8% | −39.3% | 17% | −33.7% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.024, 4 years | −9.7% | +10.2%+12.3% held throughout | 80% |
| Trafelet Remy WChief executive, Director, 10% owner | ALCO | 3131 bought, 8 sold | −39.2% | −40.3% | 0% | −37.6% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.013, 4 years | −3.0% | +3.7%+13.6% held throughout | 20% |
| Ball RichardDirector | LARK | 2727 bought, 0 sold | −14.7% | −16.9% | 15% | −11.3% | Strong evidence: behindp < 0.001, 10 years | +3.5% | +10.8%+13.9% held throughout | 68% |
| Malone John COfficer, Director, 10% owner, Other | FWONK, BATRA, LILA +4 | 2547 bought, 40 sold | −24.9% | −15.8% | 4% | −23.7% | Some evidence: behindp = 0.001, 5 years | −4.5% | +6.2%+14.8% held throughout | 39% |
| Moskovitz Dustin A.Chief executive, Director, 10% owner | ASAN, META | 8080 bought, 6 sold | −65.8% | −64.8% | 0% | −64.8% | Some evidence: behindp < 0.001, 4 years | −25.3% | +14.7%+12.9% held throughout | 90% |
| Jackson EdwardDirector | HQI | 2121 bought, 0 sold | +105.3% | +122.7% | 95% | +104.7% | Not enough years | +21.0% | +12.0%+14.8% held throughout | 51% |
| Lutke TobiasDirector | COIN | 2626 bought, 0 sold | +89.9% | +36.2% | 65% | +88.5% | Not enough years | +15.6% | +7.3%+16.0% held throughout | 35% |
| Liemandt Joseph10% owner | UPLD | 2323 bought, 5 sold | +59.6% | +12.0% | 65% | +57.5% | Not enough years | +10.7% | +4.2%+13.8% held throughout | 21% |
| Blunt Christopher OChief executive | FG | 2023 bought, 0 sold | +38.5% | +56.0% | 55% | +42.2% | Not enough years | +11.4% | +19.9%+19.9% held throughout | 88% |
| Ao Partners LLCChief executive, Director, 10% owner | AIRT | 2323 bought, 0 sold | +35.0% | +27.2% | 78% | +32.7% | Not enough years | +9.3% | +5.5%+14.7% held throughout | 23% |
| Durable Capital Partners LP10% owner | DUOL, WRBY, YOU +1 | 5255 bought, 23 sold | +25.4% | +8.7% | 62% | +26.1% | Not enough years | −7.7% | +3.3%+11.8% held throughout | 40% |
| Shkreli MartinChief executive, Other | TVTX | 2425 bought, 2 sold | +24.6% | +6.8% | 67% | +26.4% | Not enough years | +5.2% | +3.5%+14.1% held throughout | 7% |
| Ao Partners I, LPChief executive, Director, 10% owner | AIRT, PDEX | 2426 bought, 1 sold | +23.4% | +8.3% | 58% | +25.0% | Not enough years | +8.3% | +5.1%+14.2% held throughout | 25% |
| Chou Francis S M10% owner, Other | NXH | 2121 bought, 8 sold | +16.7% | +58.5% | 52% | +16.3% | Not enough years | +2.1% | +2.2%+13.8% held throughout | 10% |
| Harvest Capital Strategies LLC10% owner | ADAM | 2323 bought, 0 sold | +16.5% | +17.2% | 100% | +16.8% | Not enough years | +3.5% | +2.9%+14.8% held throughout | 9% |
| Reppert Todd A.Chief financial officer, Officer | MAIN | 2121 bought, 0 sold | +13.0% | +2.3% | 57% | +13.7% | Not enough years | +7.4% | +4.9%+14.3% held throughout | 20% |
| Bentsur RonChief executive, Director | NVCT, XAIR | 2426 bought, 4 sold | +13.0% | +21.2% | 71% | +6.6% | Not enough years | +28.9% | +13.4%+13.4% held throughout | 100% |
| North Star Investment Management Corp. and related entities10% owner | ACU, DCM | 2327 bought, 2 sold | +10.6% | +10.7% | 96% | +10.8% | Not enough years | +4.3% | +3.8%+15.1% held throughout | 9% |
| Lancaster Rainey E.10% owner | AXR | 2434 bought, 0 sold | +9.0% | +0.1% | 50% | +8.8% | Not enough years | +8.5% | +19.5%+20.5% held throughout | 87% |
| Rizik MatthewDirector | RKT | 6262 bought, 0 sold | +8.6% | +2.7% | 65% | +7.1% | Not enough years | +23.1% | +12.9%+19.1% held throughout | 63% |
| Polacek Michael S.Officer | KN | 2020 bought, 0 sold | +6.2% | +5.8% | 55% | +7.1% | Not enough years | +3.1% | +5.7%+14.7% held throughout | 31% |
| Elliott Associates, L.P.10% owner | HWM, BTU, RILY +2 | 2932 bought, 7 sold | +2.1% | −22.5% | 48% | +2.1% | Not enough years | +9.8% | +5.1%+14.8% held throughout | 24% |
| Farner JayChief executive | RKT | 7676 bought, 0 sold | +2.0% | −0.3% | 49% | +1.1% | Not enough years | +8.8% | +4.6%+13.4% held throughout | 38% |
| Eagle Point Dif Gp I LLC10% owner | ACR | 2323 bought, 50 sold | +0.7% | −21.2% | 35% | +1.1% | Not enough years | +10.1% | +9.7%+16.5% held throughout | 45% |
| Barnwell Julian Forrest JR.Director | BHRB | 2022 bought, 0 sold | −1.3% | −5.6% | 40% | −2.2% | Not enough years | +17.3% | +15.6%+19.4% held throughout | 95% |
| Everest Reinsurance Holdings Inc10% owner | EG | 2121 bought, 0 sold | −5.0% | −2.9% | 14% | −4.3% | Not enough years | +2.6% | +3.4%+14.8% held throughout | 10% |
| Stout Rodger A.Officer | MAIN | 2424 bought, 0 sold | −6.1% | −5.3% | 13% | −6.8% | Not enough years | +3.4% | +4.8%+14.4% held throughout | 21% |
| Fitzgerald John Taylor MaloneyChief executive, Officer | KWY | 3963 bought, 3 sold | −6.3% | −2.8% | 21% | −6.4% | Not enough years | −3.8% | +5.7%+15.0% held throughout | 21% |
| Blundin David BDirector | EVER | 2323 bought, 12 sold | −7.3% | −9.1% | 44% | −5.5% | Not enough years | +0.7% | +1.2%+12.0% held throughout | 29% |
| Barings LLC10% owner | BBDC | 9090 bought, 0 sold | −9.2% | −9.9% | 8% | −8.9% | Not enough years | +3.8% | +4.6%+14.2% held throughout | 17% |
| Kenner AndrewOfficer | WLKP, WLK | 2424 bought, 9 sold | −10.5% | −12.2% | 13% | −11.4% | Not enough years | +3.3% | +11.5%+14.7% held throughout | 74% |
| Wehmeier Helge HDirector | PNC, OI | 2121 bought, 2 sold | −12.6% | −10.3% | 19% | −12.5% | Not enough years | +2.3% | +4.3%+13.9% held throughout | 21% |
| Elliott International, L.P.10% owner | HWM, BTU, APTV +1 | 3436 bought, 6 sold | −13.5% | −25.4% | 41% | −13.3% | Not enough years | −9.9% | +7.3%+14.8% held throughout | 35% |
| Contran CorpOfficer, 10% owner | VHI, KRO, NL | 2525 bought, 1 sold | −13.7% | −48.8% | 20% | −13.3% | Not enough years | +11.9% | +2.8%+13.9% held throughout | 16% |
| Kavanaugh FrankChief executive | MDRR | 2430 bought, 0 sold | −14.4% | −11.9% | 0% | −13.1% | Not enough years | +4.1% | +20.3%+20.3% held throughout | 100% |
| Haldor Foundation10% owner | SXT, IFF | 3535 bought, 0 sold | −15.3% | −14.6% | 3% | −14.8% | Not enough years | +2.1% | +5.3%+14.9% held throughout | 44% |
| Nanji FarhadDirector, 10% owner | PFSI, RXO | 2727 bought, 2 sold | −18.1% | −20.4% | 19% | −16.9% | Not enough years | −8.5% | +6.7%+14.1% held throughout | 52% |
| Rankin Clara L T and related entitiesOther | HY | 6969 bought, 0 sold | −21.3% | −26.1% | 15% | −19.9% | Not enough years | +2.3% | +5.6%+15.0% held throughout | 29% |
| Cim Service Provider, LLC10% owner, Other | CMCT | 3241 bought, 0 sold | −30.2% | −28.3% | 0% | −29.8% | Not enough years | −4.5% | +6.5%+13.7% held throughout | 24% |
| Harborne Christopher10% owner | IA | 2929 bought, 19 sold | −30.5% | −31.0% | 0% | −26.7% | Not enough years | +0.1% | +10.7%+18.7% held throughout | 37% |
| Gillen Donald10% owner | CTGO | 2626 bought, 1 sold | −31.3% | −34.0% | 4% | −26.3% | Not enough years | −0.3% | +2.2%+13.7% held throughout | 9% |
| Mosseri Marlio Charles10% owner | NVCT | 2425 bought, 0 sold | −31.5% | −77.8% | 25% | −46.1% | Not enough years | +8.4% | +15.3%+19.1% held throughout | 89% |
| Scripps Charles E and related entities10% owner | SSP | 2323 bought, 0 sold | −31.6% | −30.3% | 4% | −31.7% | Not enough years | −0.2% | +4.5%+13.8% held throughout | 25% |
| Pleasant Lake Onshore Feeder Fund LP10% owner | TLYS, CTRN, BJRI | 2727 bought, 1 sold | −32.1% | −44.0% | 15% | −33.9% | Not enough years | −4.8% | +15.9%+20.1% held throughout | 69% |
| Scripps Eaton M10% owner | SSP | 2224 bought, 0 sold | −33.0% | −31.9% | 5% | −32.3% | Not enough years | +0.9% | +3.2%+13.8% held throughout | 20% |
| Baralonco Ltd10% owner | IRDM | 9393 bought, 0 sold | −33.1% | −30.9% | 0% | −29.4% | Not enough years | +0.6% | +4.7%+14.9% held throughout | 13% |
| Bin Abdullah Bin Abdulrahman Khalid10% owner | IRDM | 7474 bought, 0 sold | −33.6% | −30.9% | 0% | −30.6% | Not enough years | +0.6% | +4.7%+14.9% held throughout | 13% |
| Russo CarlChief executive | CALX | 2525 bought, 0 sold | −33.7% | −35.8% | 0% | −33.8% | Not enough years | +1.5% | +4.8%+15.1% held throughout | 14% |
| Valhi Holding CoOfficer | VHI | 2727 bought, 0 sold | −33.9% | −51.8% | 11% | −33.2% | Not enough years | +2.8% | +2.3%+13.8% held throughout | 10% |
| Peirce MaryDirector, 10% owner | SSP | 2121 bought, 2 sold | −35.7% | −32.2% | 0% | −35.2% | Not enough years | −1.3% | +3.0%+14.2% held throughout | 18% |
| Feinberg Stephen10% owner, Other | ATEX, BXC, BLBD | 2325 bought, 8 sold | −40.5% | −41.0% | 0% | −40.8% | Not enough years | −3.7% | +2.6%+13.5% held throughout | 14% |
| Pleasant Lake Partners LLC10% owner | TLYS, CTRN, FLWS +5 | 2727 bought, 9 sold | −43.3% | −49.3% | 15% | −40.2% | Not enough years | −19.1% | +18.7%+21.7% held throughout | 84% |
| Fund 1 Investments, LLC10% owner | FLWS, TLYS, CTRN +2 | 3637 bought, 5 sold | −45.3% | −56.6% | 11% | −44.6% | Not enough years | −18.5% | +18.6%+20.1% held throughout | 86% |
| Downes Sean PChief executive, Officer, Director | UVE | 2222 bought, 48 sold | −52.2% | −64.4% | 9% | −50.7% | Not enough years | −0.5% | +8.7%+15.0% held throughout | 30% |
| Hyperscale Data, Inc.10% owner, Other | RIME, QXO, YYAI +3 | 4653 bought, 13 sold | −83.3% | −93.9% | 0% | −81.9% | Not enough years | −31.5% | +8.9%+13.1% held throughout | 35% |
| Cambrian Biopharma Inc and related entities10% owner | FTH | 2637 bought, 3 sold | −84.0% | −92.0% | 0% | −85.2% | Not enough years | −33.1% | +4.2%+14.1% held throughout | 33% |
| Peyer JamesDirector, 10% owner | FTH | 2637 bought, 1 sold | −84.0% | −92.0% | 0% | −85.2% | Not enough years | −33.1% | +4.2%+14.1% held throughout | 33% |
How it works and its limits
- Data. Form 4 filings from the SEC’s Insider Transactions Data Sets and our own collection since, 89,432 purchases and 235,165 sales without a pre-set 10b5-1 plan in companies we cover, priced to November 2, 2026.
- What counts. Open-market purchases and sales of at least $10,000. Shares bought within a week of a company’s listing (flotation allocations) are left out. When one trade is reported separately by several related funds or companies, it counts once, under the first entity’s name “and related entities”; directors and officers are never merged.
- Prices. A purchase only counts where the share price actually traded that day was at least $5. Returns include dividends and are measured against SPY, an S&P 500 fund.
- Copy portfolio. An equal stake in each purchase, bought at the close of the first trading day after the report, sold 12 months later or the day after the insider reports a sale of that stock; money not invested earns the Treasury bill rate. No trading costs or taxes.
- Luck. With 296 people tested, an exact test at 5% would flag about 7.4 on each side by chance. Records are concentrated in a few stocks, so we also replaced each person’s stocks with random covered companies bought on the same days (10 tries): about 5.7 ahead and 23.3 behind per try, so the test flagged 9.8% of these no-skill records rather than 5%: treat single “some evidence” labels with care.
- Survivorship. Only companies we cover today are included, which flatters returns slightly. Insiders whose names changed are shown under the latest name filed. 23 recent trades could not be matched to an SEC identifier and are left out.
- These figures describe the shares’ moves after each trade; they say nothing about why an insider traded and do not suggest anyone used non-public information.